India’s diplomatic history has been marked by challenging relations not only with immediate neighbours like Pakistan, China, and Bangladesh but also with distant nations such as Canada and the United States. Though relations with the US have occasionally cooled, they have often quickly recovered. This had been the case with Canada as well until 2023, when the killing of Hardeep Singh Nijjar, a prominent Khalistan movement leader, in Canada plunged India-Canada relations to unprecedented lows.