The recent M&A activities in the Indian telecom industry highlight the ongoing consolidation trend driven by intense competition and the need for operational efficiencies. Mergers, such as the Vodafone Idea merger, have created larger entities capable of leveraging economies of scale and delivering comprehensive services. Furthermore, the vertical integration strategy adopted by telecom companies, such as Bharti Airtel's investments in content platforms, allows them to bundle services and enhance customer loyalty, thereby creating additional revenue streams.